Quenta Silmarillion Fragment: 'Of the beginning of days'
Translated by Sébastien Bertho
To
achieve this attempt of translation, I had to use some words from Boris
Shapiro's Parma Penyane Quettaron (thank's
to him for this great idea), and sometimes had to make some new words, some of
my reconstructions are VERY hypothetical (but I hope that some of them might
be rigth).
I can't give the original English text because I translated it from the French
version of The Silmarillion (but if a a kind person might send it to
me...), so I will give a more or less 'literal' English translation from
Quenya (forgive my English). I
only had the time to comment the four first paragraphs, the others will come
soon. You are welcome to send your comments to ardalambion.fr@free.fr
or to the Elfling
mailing list!
Eque
Quendingoldo mí
Quenta Silmarillion:
Yessesse sanaron
Ná nyárina mí istimor sa minya ohtaron yesetyane nó ontale Ardo etélie, nó ú nato avantie var alaurie palúrenna Ambaro, ar andave Melkor túrea. Nan endesse ohto sina, huorea a valya fea tulle ve tulco Valarin, háya menello istala mahtale Pityanóresse, ar Arda enromane nallámanen lalateryo. Sinave tulle Polda Tulkas, aharya tule ve aha ilweo morne lumbolínen nótulda. Melkor oante et alassea oromeryallo a hehtane Arda, ar i sére andave lartane. Tulkas marne Ambaresse a ve Valar Ardava, a Melkor erúmea Morniesse lartane. Tevierya Tulkassenna vorima.Mi lú sina, i Valar cantaner eari a nóri ar oronti, san Yavanna rende erdi ya ontanerente andavello. San, an i nári túrine var hehtine nu minye ambor, cále penya. Maquentenen Yavanno, Aule colle endesse earion atta alte calme ya acárieronte, an faininte Endórenna. Varda quanterente, Manwe tintaneronte a Valar panyanentente alte tarmenna, analte ilye orontion yalmin erner. Minya ortana formenesse Endóreo, Illuin esserya, tatya hyarmenesse, Ormal, ar i cále calmato Valariva untúpane cemenna yasse ilqua calane ve aure ú metto.
San i erdi rérine Yavannanen tuianer a tuimaner alarcave, rimbe nation alte a pitye ortane cemenenna, salqui a taurefalli a halle filqui, ar aldar ríne fanyarinen ve cuine oronti ya sundarenta unlantaner laiqua undómesse. Celvar tuller a nortaner nandissen, sírissen ar ailinissen, ar arta-lender lómin taurion. Ú lóteo er olohtie, ú aiweo ilírie, an nati sine lartaner lúmenta endasse Yavanno, nan úve asánieres, ar únomesse analya endenna Ambaro, masse alcar calmato ovantaner ar otuller. Alt' Ailinesse, tolenna Almareno, mí lúme ilqua vinya, mí lúme sinya laiquasse er ve lúce an hendi ontaroryon, Valar carner minya marenta, ar andave aqua valini sinanen.
Martane mi lúme sina sa Valar sender mótalentallon a yétaner tuiyale a palyale nation asánierente san ontiententa, Manwe tulcane alta merende yanna Valar a rimbenta tuller yelloryanen. Nan Aule a Tulkas pícane, an veuyaner ilya cururinen minyo a tuonen tatyo, lárvalta ar sérevalta. A Melkor sinte ilqua carina, arwa muinave meldoron ar ettirnoron mí Maiar ya alantier nu sanyerya. Vahaia Morniesse, néro sance, milca an mótamar torniryo ya merneronte nu máhanerya. San et erúmie taicarillon Eo hostanero i fear hépine an veuyalerya a sananeros polda. Sanala lúmerya túlina, antullero Ardanna, yétaneros hendunen ar i cenwe Ambaro tuileryasse quantes vinya tevienen.I Valar hostaine Almarenna caurevalta a cálenen Iluino ú-cenner huine Melkoro formenesse, utúliero ve Mornie Lusteo. A ná nyarina sa merendesse Ardatuileo Tulkas vestane Nessa, seler Oromeo, a liltanere nó Valar laiqua salquenna Almareno.
San Tulkas lantane fúmesse, tuovalta ar iquista, a Melkor sanane i lúme túlina. O hosserya lendero or Rambar Fuiva a tulle eccaira formenesse Endóreo a Valar ú istaner sina.San yesetyanero unca talan an care analta sarne haira undu cemen, nu morne oronti yasse alcar Iluineva pícane a halcini. Esse sarneo sina Utumno. Ar Valar ú istalaner sina er, úmea Melkoro a uryala tevierya palune tenna persa Tuile Ardo.
Translation
Yessesse sanaron'In the beginning of the days'
yessesse : loc. sg. of yesse 'beginning'. sanaron : gen. pl. of sana 'day' (24 h).
1) Ná nyárina mí istimor sa minya
ohtaron yesetyane nó ontale Ardo etélie, nó ú nato avantie var alaurie palúrenna
Ambaro, ar andave Melkor túrea.
'It is said within the wise ones that the firts of the wars began before
the creation of Arda was achieved, before nothing had walked or grown on the
surface of the Earth, and long Melkor was victorious.'
2) Nan endesse ohto sina, huorea a valya
fea tulle ve tulco Valarin, háya menello istala mahtale Pityanóresse, ar
Arda enromane nallámanen lalateryo.
'But in the middle of this war, a courageous and powerful spirit came like
a support to the Valar, from the end of the sky knowing the battle in the
Little Earth, and Arda resounded by the echoes of his laugh.'
3) Sinave tulle Polda Tulkas, aharya tule
ve aha ilweo morne lumbolínen nótulda.
'Thus came Tulkas the Strong, his rage is like rage of the sky preceeded
by dark clouds.'
4) Melkor oante et alassea oromeryallo a
hehtane Arda, ar i sére andave lartane.
'Melkor gone away from his joyful fury and abandonned Arda, and peace long
lasted.'
5) Tulkas marne Ambaresse a ve Valar
Ardava, a Melkor erúmea Morniesse lartane.
'Tulkas abode on the Earth and was like the Valar of Arda, and Melkor
stood in the outer Darkness.'
6) Tevierya Tulkassenna vorima.
'His hatred of Tulkas was everlasting.'
1. ná nyárina : 'It is said' (ná present sg. of 'to be' + past participle of nyar- 'to tell'). mí : 'in the' . istimor : pl. of istimo 'wise one'. sa : 'that'. minya : 'first'. ohtaron : gen. pl. of ohta 'war'. yesetyane : past sg. of yesetya-. nó : 'before'. *ontale : 'creation' (< onta- 'to create'). Ardo : gen. of Arda. etélie : perfect sg. of telya 'to finish, to conclude'. ú nato : *'nothing' (ú 'without, destitute of' + gen. of nat 'thing'). avantie : perfect sg. of vanta- 'to walk'. var : 'or'. alaurie : perfect sg. of laurya- 'to grow'. palúrenna : all. sg. of palúre 'surface'. Ambaro : gen. sg. of Ambar 'the Earth'. andave : 'long' (of time). *túrea : 'victorious, master' (< túre : 'mastery, victory').
2. nan : 'but'. endesse : loc. sg. of ende 'middle'. ohto : gen. sg. of ohta 'war'. sina : 'this'. *huorea : 'courageous' (< huore : 'courage'). valya : 'having (divine) authority or power', *'powerful'. fea : 'spirit'. tulle : past sg. of tul- 'to come'. ve : 'as, like'. tulco : 'support'. Valarin : dat. pl. of Vala. háya : 'far off'. menello : abl. sg. of menel 'the heavens'. istala : present participle of ista- 'to know'. *mahtale : 'battle, fighting' (< mahta- : 'wield a weapon, fight'). Pityanóresse : loc. sg. of Pityanóre 'Small Realm' (lit. 'Small Earth'). enromane : past sg. of *enroma- 'resound' (< en-roma- : 'sound again') - another possible form might be *ataroma. nallámanen : inst; sg. of nalláme 'echo'. lalateryo : gen. sg. of *lalat(e) 'laugh' (n.) (< v. lala- : 'to laugh') + 3. person sg. possessive ending.
3. sinave : 'thus'. tulle : past sg. of tul- 'to come'. polda : 'strong' (physically). aharya : aha 'rage' + 3. person possessive ending. tule : aorist present sg. of tul- 'to come'. ve : 'as, like'. aha ilweo : 'rage of the heavens', *'storm' (aha 'rage' + gen. of menel 'heavens'). morne : pl. of morna 'dark'. lumbolínen : inst. partitive pl. of lumbo 'cloud' (dark, low). nótulda : past participle of *nótul- : 'preceed' (< nó-tul- : 'to come before') - perhaps the form might be *nólinna ('to go before').
4. oante : past sg. of auta 'to go away'. et : 'out of' (+ abl.). alassea : 'joyful'. ormeryallo : abl. sg. of 'wrath', with the 3. person possessive ending. hehtane : past sg. of hehta- 'abandon'. sére : 'peace'. andave : 'long' (of time). lartane : past sg. of larta- 'last, wait'.
5. marne : past sg. of mar- 'abide'. Ambaresse : loc. sg. of Ambar 'the Earth'. ve : 'as, like'. Ardava : poss. sg. of Ardava. erúmea : 'outer, outermost'. morniesse : loc. sg. of mornie 'darkness'. lartane : past sg. of larta- 'last, wait'.
6. tevierya : tevie 'hatred' + 3. person possessive ending. Tulkassenen : all. sg. of Tulkas. tennoio : 'for ever'.
'In this time, the Valar shaped the seas and the lands and the mountains, then Yavanna sowed the seeds she had create a long time ago.'
8) San, an i nári túrine var hehtine nu
minye ambor, cále penya.
'Then, for the fires were controled or abandonned under the firts hills,
the light was lacking.'
9) Maquentenen Yavanno, Aule colle endesse
earion atta alte calme ya acárieronte, an faininte Endórenna.
'By the request of Yavanna, Aule carried in the middle of the seas two
large lamps he had made, for them to ligh the Middle Earth.'
10) Varda quanterente, Manwe tintaneronte
a Valar panyanentente alte tarmenna, analte ilye orontion yalmin erner.
'Varda filled them, Manwe lighted them and the Valar fixed them upon large
pillars, higher than all the montagne that remained for us.'
11) Minya ortana formenesse Endóreo,
Illuin esserya, tatya hyarmenesse, Ormal, ar i cále calmato Valariva untúpane
cemenna yasse ilqua calane ve aure ú metto.
'The first was raised in the North of Middle earth, its name was Illuin,
the second in the south, Ormal, and the light of the Valar's lamps covered
down the earth where everything shined like a day with no end.'
7. mi : 'in, within'. lú : 'a time, occasion'. cantaner : past pl. of canta- 'to shape'. eari : pl. of ear 'sea'. nóri : pl. of nóre 'land'. oronti : pl. of oron 'mountain'. san : 'then'. rende : past sg. of rer- 'to sow'. erdi : pl. of erde 'seed, germ'. ya : 'which'. ontanerente : 3. person f. past sg. of onta- 'to create' + 3. person pl. pronominal ending.
8. san : 'then'. an : 'for, to'. nári : pl. of náre : 'flame'. túrine : pl. past participle of tur- 'wield, control, govern'. var : 'or'. hehtine : pl. past participle of hehta- 'abadon, leave out'. nu : 'under'. minye : pl. of minya 'first'. ambor : pl. of ambo 'hill'. cále : 'light'. penya : 'lacking'.
9. maquentenen : inst. of *maquente 'request' (< maquet- : 'to ask'). Yavanno : gen. sg. of Yavanna. colle : past sg. of col- : 'to bear, to carry'. endesse : loc. sg. of ende 'middle'. earion : gen. pl. of ear 'sea'. atta : 'two'. alte : pl. of alta 'large, great in size'. calme : pl. of calma 'lamp, a light'. ya : 'which'. acárieronte : 3. person m. perfect of car- 'to do, to make, to build' + 3. person pl. pronominal ending. an : 'for, to'. faininte : 3. person pl. aorist present of faina- 'to emit light'. Endórenna : all. sg. of Endóre 'Middle Earth'.
10. quanterente : past. sg. of quat- 'to fill' + 3. person pl. pronominal ending. tintaneronte : past sg. of tinta- 'to kindle, to make sparkle' + 3. person pl. pronominal ending. panyanentente : past. pl. of panya- 'to fix, to set' + 3. person pl. pronominal ending. alte : pl. of alta 'large, great in size'. tarmenna : all. pl. of tarma 'pillar'. analte : pl. of analte 'higest' (an-alta). ilye : pl. of ilya 'all, each, every'. orontion : gen. pl. of oron 'mountain'. yalmin : 'which for us' (ya 'which' + 2. person. pl. dat. pronominal ending). erner : past pl. of er- 'remain'.
11. minya : 'first'. ortana : past participle of orta- 'to rise, to raise, to lift up'. formenesse : loc. sg. of formen 'north'. Endóreo : gen. sg. of Endóre 'Middle earth'. esserya : esse 'name' + 3. person sg. possessive ending. tatya : 'second'. hyarmenesse : loc. sg. of hyarmen 'south'. cále : 'light'. calmato : gen. dual of calma 'lamp, a light'. Valariva : poss. pl. of Vala. untúpane : past. sg. of untúpa- 'cover down' (un-túpa-). cemenna : all. sg. of cemen 'earth'. yasse : 'in which' (ya 'which' + loc. sg. ending). ilqua : 'everything, all'. calane : past sg. of cala- 'to shine'. ve : 'as, like'. aure 'sunlight, day'. ú metto : 'without end' (ú 'without, destitute of' + gen. of metta 'end').
12) San i erdi rérine Yavannanen tuianer
a tuimaner alarcave, rimbe nation alte a pitye ortane cemenenna, salqui a
taurefalli a halle filqui, ar aldar ríne fanyarinen ve cuine oronti ya
sundarenta unlantaner laiqua undómesse.
'Then, the seeds sowed by Yavanna springed and sprouted swiftly, a crowd of
things great and little raised on the earth, herbs and mosses and tall ferns,
and tress crowned by clouds like living mountains which roots dived in the
green twilight.'
13) Celvar tuller a nortaner nandissen, sírissen
ar ailinissen, ar arta-lender lómin taurion.
'Animals came and dwelled in the valleys, in the rivers and in the lakes,
and gone through the shade of the forests.'
14) Ú lóteo er olohtie, ú aiweo ilírie,
an nati sine lartaner lúmenta endasse Yavanno, nan úve asánieres, ar únomesse
analya endenna Ambaro, masse alcar calmato ovantaner ar otuller.
'No flower had sprouted yet, no bird had sung, for these things waited for
their hour in the heart of Yavanna, but she had though of abundance, and
nowhere more rich (than) in the middle of the Earth, where the rays of the two
lamps met and jointed.'
15) Alt' Ailinesse, tolenna Almareno, mí
lúme ilqua vinya, mí lúme sinya laiquasse er ve lúce an hendi ontaroryon,
Valar carner minya marenta, ar andave aqua valini sinanen.
'In the great lake, on the isle of Almaren, in the time everything was
new, in the time the new greenness was like an enchantment to the eyes of its
creators, the Valar made their first dwelling, and longtime were fully happy
about that.'
12. san : 'then'. erdi : pl. of erde 'seed, germ'. rérine : pl. past. participle of rer- 'to sow'. Yavannanen : inst. of Yavanna. tuianer : past pl. of tuia- 'to sprout, to spring'. tuimaner : past pl. of *tuima- 'to sprout, to bud' (< n. tuima 'sprout, bud'). *alarcave : 'swiflty, quickly' (< alarca 'swift, rapid'). rimbe : 'crowd, host, great number'. nation : gen. pl. of nat 'thing'. alte : pl. of alta 'large, great in size'. pitye : pl. of pitya 'little'. ortane : past sg. of orta 'to rise, to raise, to lift up'. cemenenna : all. sg. of cemen 'earth, soil'. salqui : pl. of salque 'grass'. taurefalli : pl. of *taurefalle 'moss' (taure-falle 'forest foam'). halle : pl. of halla 'tall'. filqui : pl. of filque 'fern, bracken' (filqe in David salo's Qenya botany). aldar : pl. of alda 'tree'. ríne : pl. of rína 'crowned'. fanyarinen : inst. pl. of fanya 'cloud'. ve : 'as, like'. cuine : pl. of cuina 'alive'. oronti : pl. of oron 'mountain'. ya : 'which'. sundarenta : sundar (pl. of sunda 'root, base' + 3. person pl. possessive ending. unlantaner : past. pl. of *unlanta- 'dive' (un-lanta- : lit. 'fall down'). laiqua : 'green'. undómesse : loc. sg. of undóme 'twilight (near evening)'.
13. celvar : pl. of celva 'animal, living thing that move'. tuller : past pl. of tul- 'to come'. nortaner : past pl. of norta- 'to dwell, to stay'. nandissen : loc. pl. of nande 'valley'. sírissen : loc. pl. of síre 'river'. ailinissen : loc. pl. of ailin 'pool, lake'. arta-lender : past. pl. of *arta-lelya- 'to go through' (arta-lelya- : 'go through'). lómin : 'shade, shadow'. taurion : gen. pl. of taure '(great) wood, forest'.
14. ú lóteo : 'no flower' (ú 'without, destitute of' + gen. of lóte 'flower'). er : 'only, but, still'. olohtie : perfect sg. of lohta 'sprout, put forth leaves or flowers'. ú aiweo : 'no bird' (ú 'without, destitute of' + gen. of aiwe '(small) bird'). ilírie : perfect sg. of lir- 'to chant, to sing'. an : 'for, to'. nati : pl. of nat 'thing'. sine : pl. of sina 'this'. lartaner : past pl. of larta- 'last, wait'. lúmenta : lúme 'time, hour' + 3. person pl. possessive ending. endasse : loc. sg. of enda 'heart, center'. Yavanno : gen. sg. of Yavanna. nan : 'but'. úve : 'abondance, great quantity'. asánieres : perfect pl. of sana 'to think' + 3 person f. sg. ending + 3. person sg. (object). únomesse : loc. sg. of *únome 'nowhere' (ú-nome : 'no place'). analya : alya 'prosperous, rich, abundant, blessed' + intensive prefix an-. endenna : all. sg. of ende 'core, center, middle'. Ambaro : gen. sg. of Ambar 'the Earth'. masse : 'where'. alcar : pl. of alca 'ray of light'. calmato : gen. dual pl. of calma 'lamp, a light'. ovantaner : past. pl. of ovanta-'to meet'. otuller : past pl. of *otul- 'to joint' (o-tul- 'to come together').
15. alt' : alta 'large, great in size' (the last vowel is elided). ailinesse : loc. sg. of ailin 'pool, lake'. tolenna : all. sg. of tol 'island, isle'. Almareno : gen. sg. of Almaren. mí : 'in the'. lúme : 'time, hour'. ilqua : 'everything, all'. vinya : 'new'. sinya : 'new'. laiquasse : 'greenness'. er : 'only, but, still'. ve : 'as, like'. lúce : 'enchantment'. an : 'for, to'. hendi : pl. of hen 'eye'. ontaroryon : gen. pl. of *ontaro 'creator' (< onta- 'to create') + 3. person sg. possessive ending. carner : past pl. of car- 'to make, to do, to build'. minya : 'first'. marenta : mar 'home, abode, dwelling' + 3. person pl. possessive ending. andave : 'long' (of time). aqua : 'fully, completely, altogether, wholly'. valini : pl. of valin 'happy'. sinanen : 'by that' (sina 'that' + inst. sg. ending).
16) Martane mi lúme sina sa Valar
sender mótalentallon a yétaner tuiyale a palyale nation asánierente san
ontiententa, Manwe tulcane alta merende yanna Valar a rimbenta tuller
yelloryanen.
'It happened in this time that the Valar rested from their labours and
looked at the growth and the expansion of the things they had though then
created, Manwe established a great fest to which the Valar and their host came
by his call.
17) Nan Aule a Tulkas pícane, an veuyaner
ilya cururinen minyo ar tuonen tatyo, lárvalta a sérevalta.
'But Aule and Tulkas were lessened, for they served everybody by the
skills of the first and the strenght of the second, pauseless and restless.
18) A Melkor sinte ilqua carina, arwa
muinave meldoron ar ettirnoron mí Maiar ya alantier nu sanyerya.
'And Melkor knew everything made, having secretly friends and spies within
the Maiar which had fallen under his law.'
19) Vahaia Morniesse, néro sance, milca
an mótamar torniryo ya merneronte nu máhanerya.
'Far away in the Darkness, he was hateful, greedy toward the works of his
brothers which he had wanted under his authority.'
20) San et erúmie taicarillon Eo
hostanero i fear hépine an veuyalerya a sananeros polda.
'Then out of the outermost limits of Ea he gethered the spirits kept for
his service and he though he was strong.'
21) Sanala lúmerya túlina, antullero
Ardanna, yétaneros hendunen ar i cenwe Ambaro tuileryasse quantes vinya
tevienen.
'Thinking his hour come, he approached toward Arda, he looked at it by his
eyes and the vision of the Earth in its spring filled him with a new hatred.'
16. martane : past sg. of *marta- 'to happen'. mi lúme sina : 'in this thime'. sa : 'that'. sender : past pl. of ser- 'to rest'. mótalentallon : abl. pl. of *mótale 'labour' (< v. móta- 'to labour') + 3. person pl. possessive ending. yétaner : past pl. of yéta- 'to look'. *tuiyale : 'growth' (< tuiya- 'to grow'). *palyale : 'expansion' (< palya- 'to spread, to expand, to open wide'). nation : gen. pl. of nat 'thing'. asánierente : perfect pl. of sana- 'to think' + 3. person pl. ending (object). san : 'then'. ontierente : perfect pl. of onta- 'to create' + 3. person pl. ending (object). tulcane : past pl. of tulca- 'to fix, establish'. alta 'large, great in size'. merende : 'fest'. yanna : 'to whiche, to whom' (ya 'which' + all. sg. ending). rimbenta : rimbe 'host' + 3. person pl. possessive ending. tuller : past pl. of tul- 'to come'. yelloryanen : inst; sg. of yello 'call' (shout or cry of triumph) + 3. person sg. possessive ending.
17. nan : 'but'. pícane : pl. past participle of píca- 'to lessen, to dwindle, waning'. an : 'for, toward'. veuyaner : past pl. of veuya- 'to serve, to follow'. ilquen : 'everybody'. cururinen : inst. pl. of curu 'skill'. minyo : gen. sg. of minya 'first' (adj. used as noun). tuonen : inst. sg. of tuo 'physical stenght'. tatyo : gen. sg. of tatya 'second' (adj. used as noun). lárvalta : 'pauseless' (lár 'pause' + -valta '-less'). sérevalta : 'restless' (sére 'rest, peace' + -valta '-less').
18. sinte : past sg. of ista 'to know'. ilqua ; 'everything'. carina : sg. past participle of car- 'to make'. arwa : 'possessing' (+ gen.). *muinave : 'secretly' (< muina 'hidden, secret'). meldoron : gen. pl. of meldo 'friend'. ettirnoron : gen. pl. of ettirno 'spy' (n.). mí : 'in the'. ya : 'which'. alantier : perfect pl. of lanta- 'to fall'. nu : 'under'. sanyerya : sanye 'rule, law' + 3. person pl. possessive ending.
19. vahaia : 'far away' (adj.). morniesse : loc. sg. of mornie 'darkness'. néro : past sg. of na : 'to be' + 3. person m. sg. ending. sance : 'hateful'. milca : 'greedy'. an : 'for, toward'. mótamar : pl. of *mótama 'work' (< móta- 'to labour'). torniryo : gen. pl. of toron 'brother' (pl. torni) + 3. person sg. possessive ending. ya : 'which'. merneronte : past sg. of mer- 'to wish, to desire, to want' + 3. person sg. ending + 3. person pl. ending (object). nu : 'under'. máhanerya : máhan 'authority' + 3. person sg. possessive ending.
20. san : 'then'. et : 'out of' (+ abl.). erúmie : pl. of erúmea 'outer, outermost'. taicarillon : abl. pl. of taica 'limit, boundary'. Eo : gen. sg. of Ea. hostanero : past sg. of hosta- 'to assemble, to gather, to collect' + 3. person m. sg. ending. fear : pl. of fea 'spirit'. hépine : pl. past participle of hep- 'to keep, to hold'. an : 'for, toward'. veuyalerya : *veuyale 'service' (< veuya- 'to serve, to follow') + 3. person sg. possessive ending. sananeros : past sg. of sana 'to think' + 3. person m. sg. ending + 3. person neutral sg. ending (object). polda : 'strong (physically)'.
21. sanala : present participle of sana 'to think'. lúmerya : lúme 'hour' + 3. person sg. possessive ending. túlina : sg. past participle of tul- 'to come'. antullero : past sg. of *antul- 'approach' (< an-tul- lit. 'to come toward') + 3. person m. sg. ending. Ardanna : all. sg. of Arda. yétaneros : past sg. of yéta- 'to look at' + 3. person m. sg. ending + 3. person neutral sg. ending (object). hendunen : inst. dual pl. of hen : 'eye'. *cenwe : 'vision, view' (< cen- 'to see'). Ambaro : gen. sg. of Ambar 'the Earth'. tuileryasse : loc. sg. of tuile 'spring' + 3. person sg. possessive ending. quantes : past sg. of quat- 'to fill' + 3. person neutral sg. ending (object). vinya : 'new'. tevienen : inst. sg. of tevie 'hatred'.
